ParentText Optimisation and Evaluation

ParentText is a chatbot-led parenting intervention designed to increase positive parenting and reduce child maltreatment. Developed for caregivers of children aged 0–17 years, ParentText delivers evidence-based parenting tips, activities, and support directly through mobile messaging platforms.

The ParentText programme in South Africa is being evaluated through a multi-phase research approach that began in 2022. This includes a factorial optimisation trial (Phase 1), followed by a large-scale 5-Day User Experience Evaluation Trial (Phase 2). Together, these studies contribute to the growing global evidence base on the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of hybrid and digital parenting programmes.

Phase 1: ParentText Factorial Optimisation Trial (Completed 2023)
The first phase of research was a factorial optimisation trial that tested multiple intervention components (e.g., message frequency, personalisation strategies, and engagement prompts) to determine which combinations produced the highest engagement and skill uptake. Quantitative and qualitative data collection was finalised in 2023 and results were published in Violence Against Women. Findings from this phase informed refinements to ParentText and guided the design of the subsequent 5-Day User Experience Evaluation Trial.
Phase 2: ParentText 5-Day User Experience Evaluation Trial (2024 – 2025)

In 2024, the team launched a digital-only 5-Day User Experience Evaluation Trial to assess feasibility, acceptability, engagement, and early impacts at scale. This large randomised controlled trial includes more than 20,000 caregivers of children aged 2–17 years.

Participants were randomly assigned to:

  • ParentText (Standard)
  • ParentText-PLUS, which includes a child development booster module
  • WASHText, a hygiene and sanitation chatbot serving as an active control

A seven-month post-baseline assessment was completed in May 2025 and full analysis is now underway, including cost-effectiveness and manuscript drafting. The dissemination of results in journals and at conferences is expected in 2026.

This programme represents one of the first rigorous optimisation and large-scale evaluations of a chatbot-delivered parenting intervention in a low- and middle-income country. Findings will directly inform the wider dissemination of Parenting for Lifelong Health (PLH) hybrid and digital programmes, and support ongoing and forthcoming ParentText implementation across multiple countries.

The trial was registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF). 

Using a digital parenting intervention to prevent intimate partner violence and promote gender equitable behaviors in South Africa and Jamaica: A qualitative study exploring partnered parents’ experiences of ParentText

Moa Schafer, Jamie Lachman, Paula Zinser, Francisco Calderon, Qing Han, Chiara Facciola, Lily Clements, Genevieve Haupt Ronnie, Zimkhita Kame, Zukile Ntentema, Ross Sheil, Jhana Harris, Frances Gardner | 2025 | Violence Against Children

A digital parenting intervention with intimate partner violence prevention content: Qualitative pre-post pilot study

Janowski, Roselinde, Lucie D. Cluver, Yulia Shenderovich, Joyce Wamoyi, Mwita Wambura, David Stern, Lily Clements, G. J. Melendez-Torres, Lauren Baerecke, Abigail Ornellas, Angelique Nicole Chetty, Jonathan Klapwijk, Laetitia Christine, Ateamate Mukabana, Esmee te Winkel, Anna Booji, Gervas Mbosoli, Jamie M. Lachman | 2025 | Journal of Medical Internet Research